Butyrate and taurine exert a mitigating effect on the inflamed distal intestine of European sea bass fed with a high percentage of soybean meal

Table 1 Formulation (%), and proximate composition of experimental diets

	Diet
	C	B	T
Ingredient (%)
Full-fat soy	12.8	12.8	12.8
SPC	13.6	13.6	13.6
Wheat	8.0	8.0	8.0
Wheat gluten meal	8.19	8.19	8.19
DCP	1.72	1.72	1.72
Mixed oil^a	12	10	12
Lysine (98%)	0.29	0.29	0.29
Vitamins and mineral premix^b	0.4	0.4	0.4
Corn gluten	16.0	16.0	16.0
Soybean meal (48%)	16.7	16.7	16.7
Fish meal (65%)	10.0	10.0	10.0
Anti molds	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taurine	–	–	0.2
Sodium butyrate	–	0.2	–
Filler	0.2	–	–
Proximate composition (%)
Crude protein	45.0	45.0	45.0
Fat	16.0	16.0	16.0
Fiber	2.3	2.3	2.3
Ash	6.4	6.4	6.4
Total calcium	1.0	1.0	1.0
Total phosphorus	0.95	0.95	0.95
Methionine	0.9	0.9	0.9
Methionine + cysteine	1.6	1.6	1.6
Lysine	2.3	2.3	2.3

SPC soy protein concentrate, DCP dicalcium phosphate
^aMixed oil: 40% corn 60% soy
^bVitamin and mineral premix (quantities in 1 kg of mix): vitamin A, 4,000,000 IU; vitamin D3, 800,000 IU; vitamin C, 25,000 mg; vitamin E, 15,000 mg; inositol, 15,000 mg; niacin, 12,000 mg; choline chloride, 6000 mg; calcium pantothenate, 3000 mg; vitamin B1, 2000 mg; vitamin B3, 2000 mg; vitamin B6, 1800 mg; biotin, 100 mg; manganese, 9000 mg; zinc, 8000 mg; iron, 7000 mg; copper, 1400 mg; cobalt, 160 mg; iodine 120 mg; anticaking and antioxidant + carrier, making up to 1000 g

ISSN: 2234-1757